Pre Ap World History Chapter 3 Vocabulary Free Essays

Pre-AP World History Chapter 3 Vocabulary 1. Yellow and Yangtze Rivers-contained numerous horticultural settlements, were stream valleys 2. Gobi Desert-in northwest China, closing off intruders from the north and northwest 3. We will compose a custom article test on Pre Ap World History Chapter 3 Vocabulary or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now Tibetan Plateau-north of the Himilayan Mountains, shielded the west from attack 4. Yangshao and Longshan societies distinguished as the painted and dark earthenware societies 5. Xia Dynasty-began around 4000 years prior, pioneer Yu presented water system and depleting 6. Shang Dynasty-afterthe Xia in the sixteenth century B. C. E. , prophet bones found in Anyang 7. Anyang-capital of the Shang Dynasty, prophet bones were uncovered uncovering early composing 8. Xinjiang cadavers from 2000 B. C. E. , plainly European, uncovering relocation eastbound 9. prophet bones-turtle shells that had Chinese composition on one side, and scratchs from divine beings 10. Shang bronzes-utensils,weapons,ritual objects were produced using bronze throwing 11. well field framework 8 families developed their own plot and cooperated on the ninth plot 12. Zhou Dynasty-2 capital urban areas for a progressively broad organization, regions w/govenors 13. silk-found on bronzes and in burial places, utilized for garments and wrapping the dead 14. Silk Road-a movement course from China westbound, exchanging for the most part silk 15. Order of Heaven-the option to run from the divine beings, a tradition can lose and pick up M. O. H. 16. Ceremonies of Zhou-one of the most seasoned enduring archives, expressing that Zhou managed bc of MOH 17. yin and yang-collaborating, contradicting powers in nature, consistently ought to be in balance *18. Yi Jing/Book of Changes-19. Confucius-the lader of Confucianism, confidence in 5 key connections and obedient devotion 20. The Analects-composed by Confucius’ followers on the truisms and thoughts identifying with him 21. Mencius-(370-290 BCE) a savant who focused on the humanistic side of Confucianism 22. Legalism-people were malevolent essentially, and needed to have cruel laws and severe disciplines *23. Method of Great Learning-24. Lao Tzu-author of Daoism, â€Å"Old Master† 25. Daoism-dependent on powers in nature, which should have been adjusted (yin and yang) 26. Dao de Jing-essential record which makes unique ideas somewhat hard to get 27. wu wei-to decipher the desire of Heaven isn't activity however INACTION 28. Time of Warring States-the period between 2 traditions; one losing power, one picking up it 29. Qin Dynasty-(221-206 BCE)legalism, exacting censorship,standardized weights;measures 30. Qin Shi Huangdi-first head of Qin, rose to seat at age 13 of every 246 BCE, Li Su is counselor 31. Xianyang-the capital where highborn factions had to live, so court could screen *32. Sima Qian-33. Xiongnu-northern travelers who represented the danger of invading(possibly identified with Huns) 34. Extraordinary Wall-an exorbitant task to keep intruders out from the North, eased back yet not halted 35. Han Dynasty-(202 BCE-221 CE)founded by Liu Bang, dictorial gov’t and common assistance tests 36. eunuchs-guys who had their balls expelled (emasculated) 37. Liu Bang-organizer of the Han line 38. tate Confucianism-Confucian precept joined with Legalist practice 39. common help test tests regulated to laborers in the organization to check whether they qualify *40. Han Wudi-*41. Wang Mang-reformist authority who held onto power 42. Chang’an-the capital of the Han Empire in China 43. dutiful devotion regard for one’s guardians and seniors in the public eye 44. Bao-jia framework shaping a gathering of families for excersizing shared control and observation 45. Xian’s earthenware armed force earthenware fighters to ensure the main head of Qin’s burial chamber 46. Book of Songs and Song of the South-a book of around 300 sonnets composed during the early Zhou tradition Step by step instructions to refer to Pre Ap World History Chapter 3 Vocabulary, Papers

Men Will Rise From The Dark Depth Of Prejudice To The Majestic Heights :: essays research papers

Men Will Rise From The Dark Depth Of Prejudice To The Majestic Heights Of Fellowship      Men will ascend from the dull profundities of preference... What is preference? The Websters word reference characterizes it as â€Å"a one-sided assessment dependent on feeling rather than reason.† This is definitely the situation. Since forever gatherings of individuals of a similar race, religion, shading, and so forth have had unspeakable acts submitted against them by other people who think with their â€Å"...emotions[s] rather than reason.† Because one is an alternate shading they imagine that that individual is odd, or second rate. Or on the other hand they see somebody of an alternate religion as an individual who is dismissed by God. These are the two instances of preference.      Many individuals have seen the impacts of preference and tried to put an end to it. one such individual was Dr. Martian Luther King. When Dr. Ruler became engaged with social liberties he was at that point an appointed clergyman. He had hitched and he and his significant other had four youngsters. His social equality exercises started with the dissent of an occurrence that happened on an open transport. Rosa parks had broken the law by not escaping her seat to permit a white individual to sit in her seat or line. An association was shaped to blacklist the transports and Dr. Martian Luther lord was solicited to be president from it. In his first, and as I would like to think, generally amazing discourses Dr. Martian Luther King expressed â€Å"First and preeminent we are American citizens...We are not here pushing violence...the just weapon that we have...is that of protest...The incredible greatness of American majority rules system is the privilege to dissent for right.† Dr. Lord and the association succeeded. The Supreme Court requested the city to have equivalent, incorporated seating. This was just the first in quite a while lead by Dr. Martian Luther King.      Dr. Martian Luther King had a fantasy. A fantasy to join all humankind as one. A fantasy to see a conclusion to partiality. A fantasy to arrive at the guarantee land. Despite the fact that a large number of his objectives to the extent separation have been met, Dr. Martian Luther Lord never got the opportunity to see this. He was shot and murdered on April 4, 1968. In 1983 congress spent a national occasion in his respect. It celebrated on the third Monday in January. Dr. Martian Luther King Became the subsequent individual to have a national Holiday, the first being George Washington, the nations first President. One of his Ideals that has not yet been accomplished nor appropriately tended to is that of fraternity.      The Majestic statures of fraternity. Any individual who has ever experienced Men Will Rise From The Dark Depth Of Prejudice To The Majestic Heights :: papers look into papers Men Will Rise From The Dark Depth Of Prejudice To The Majestic Heights Of Fraternity      Men will ascend from the dim profundities of partiality... What is bias? The Websters word reference characterizes it as â€Å"a one-sided assessment dependent on feeling rather than reason.† This is definitely the situation. From the beginning of time gatherings of individuals of a similar race, religion, shading, and so on have had unspeakable acts submitted against them by other people who think with their â€Å"...emotions[s] rather than reason.† Because one is an alternate shading they believe that that individual is odd, or second rate. Or then again they see somebody of an alternate religion as an individual who is dismissed by God. These are the two instances of partiality.      Many individuals have seen the impacts of bias and looked to put an end to it. one such individual was Dr. Martian Luther King. When Dr. Lord became associated with social equality he was at that point an appointed clergyman. He had hitched and he and his better half had four kids. His social equality exercises started with the dissent of an episode that happened on an open transport. Rosa parks had broken the law by not escaping her seat to permit a white individual to sit in her seat or column. An association was framed to blacklist the transports and Dr. Martian Luther lord was solicited to be president from it. In his first, and as I would like to think, generally amazing discourses Dr. Martian Luther King expressed â€Å"First and first we are American citizens...We are not here supporting violence...the just weapon that we have...is that of protest...The extraordinary wonder of American majority rules system is the privilege to dissent for right.† Dr. Ruler and the association succeeded. The Supreme Court requested the city to have equivalent, coordinated seating. This was just the first in quite a while lead by Dr. Martian Luther King.      Dr. Martian Luther King had a fantasy. A fantasy to join all humankind as one. A fantasy to see a conclusion to preference. A fantasy to arrive at the guarantee land. Despite the fact that a considerable lot of his objectives to the extent separation have been met, Dr. Martian Luther Ruler never got the chance to see this. He was shot and slaughtered on April 4, 1968. In 1983 congress spent a national occasion in his respect. It celebrated on the third Monday in January. Dr. Martian Luther King Became the subsequent individual to have a national Holiday, the first being George Washington, the nations first President. One of his Ideals that has not yet been accomplished nor appropriately tended to is that of fraternity.      The Majestic statures of fraternity. Any individual who has ever experienced

Mystery And The Study Of The Unknown Has Always Fascinated Essays

Puzzle and the investigation of the obscure has consistently intrigued individuals. The quest for truth in the uncomprehensible has prompted numerous contentions. Some have faith in the extraordinary, while others just don't. The two sorts of individuals clearly have their own explanations for accepting or distrusting in it. There are various world well known puzzles that are as yet dubious and remainunsolved right up 'til today. A portion of these riddles incorporate the Loch Ness Beast, the Abominable Snowman, and the Bermuda Triangle. The Loch Ness Monster is an unbelievable creature that as far as anyone knows dwells in the profundities of Loch Ness, a long limited lake arranged in rustic Scotland. Stories concerning the beast go back to the sixth century A.D. The district was in finished detachment until a street was worked nearby the lake in 1933. At that point huge quantities of individuals gone through the district for the absolute first time. Throughout the years thousands have detailed seeing something in the lake. Most reports portray a long neck flooding from the water with a little leader of a obscure animal. Pictures have even been taken of this animal, be that as it may, most researchers nonetheless, decline to accept any animal of this kind lives in the Loch Ness. They guarantee that most revealed cases are just results of overactive minds, and with respect to the photos, researchers state they are not clear enough to separate things unmistakably, also, a few pictures are named as phony. An enormous number of non- researchers accept in any case, that the Loch Ness is the site of a reproducing state of enormous obscure amphibian creatures, because of the way that Loch Ness was at one time an arm of the ocean. Yearly summer examinations have been led since 1963 in endeavor to disentangle the secret. Agents have gotten movies and sonar readings that demonstrate that there very well might be some obscure creature in the profundities of the Loch Ness. Proof be that as it may, is uncertain, and the debate proceeds. Alongside the Loch Ness beast, the odious snowman shares distinction as one the incredible secrets of the world. The loathsome snowman is an incredible animal of the Himalaya mountain district. It is answered to live in forested areas close to the snow line. This animal is additionally known to some by the name Yeti. The accursed snowman is said to walk upstanding and resemble half-man, half-primate. Huge numbers of the portrayals given to this animal depend on the discoveries of huge, unidentified impressions in the day off, in the Himalayas. So as to discover reality behind the accursed snowman legends, innumerable endeavors have been embraced, and generally turned up void. Today most specialists hold the view that the evil snowman is essentially a fantasy and don't pay attention to the make a difference. The foot prints used to help the legends, are thought by researchers, to be prints of a bear or markings left my floating day off falling rocks. The legend of the loathsome snowman has been kept alive 'till this day, generally by the Sherpa, a clan of individuals living in the Himalayas. These individuals have consistently kept the conviction that the loathsome snowman is a substantiates unavoidable truth. To them he is viewed as a strict figure, to be dreaded just as ensured. With no brief proof in any case, nobody can demonstrate this amazing creature from the mountains exists, so the puzzle keeps on astounding. Like the Loch Ness beast and the loathsome snowman, the Bermuda triangle presents another charming miracle to the world. The Bermuda Triangle, otherwise called the Devil's triangle, is a triangular region of the Atlantic Ocean (305,000 km2) where the vanishings of boats, planes, and vessels has prompted the conviction that extraordinary powers occupy this zone of the ocean. In excess of 200 planes, ships, and pontoons are accepted to have vanished in this triangle without a follow. This incorporates more than 1,000 sailors and aviators. In the vast majority of these vanishings, the reality no pain signal was ever gotten from the vanishing ships and additionally planes that uplifts the puzzle of what befallen them. Albeit vicious tempests and descending air flows every now and again happen in the territory, researchers have not uncovered anything incredibly curious. Limits of the Bermuda Triangle are shaped by drawing a nonexistent line from Melbourne, Florida, to Bermuda, to Puerto Rico, and back to Florida. Could there genuinely be an unnatural power at work in this land triangle or are these vanishings only fortuitous event? In any case, various individuals stay reluctant to step over the limit line into the Fiend's Triangle. As we have quite recently talked about the secret of the Loch Ness beast, the problem of the

Where our food is grown Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Where our food is developed - Essay Example There are numerous kinds of ranch produce that are gotten from the business sectors or even the neighborhood basic food item stores,these ranch produce are either new organic products or vegetables.Vegetables and new natural products ought to consistently take up the biggest piece of sound nourishments in a staple rundown as they have vitamins,antioxidants, minerals and above all else they are commonly low in calories. A portion of these produce things incorporate; Fresh vegetables and organic products Place of root Potatoes Place of birthplace is south of Peru and the upper east of Bolivia. Peppers South focal Bolivia. Peas Originates either from Northern India, Burma and N. Thailand. Lettuce Originates from lactuca serriolla found in the Mediterranean, Europe and Near East (Persia). Broccoli Northern European coast. Kales Greece Bananas Southeast Asia Grapes Germany Tomato Peru Apple Caucasus heaps of Asia Pears Europe Pineapple Paraguay Cabbages Serbia Table 1: Types of homestead produces distinguished in the market In the United States, albeit numerous sorts of ranch produce are found, as they are incredible ranchers and they produce a great deal, there is still proof of an unsatisfied interest. Indeed, even with the natural cultivating choice, (the agrarian creation framework that is utilized mostly for the creation or produce of fiber and food), the interest for new vegetables and organic products surpasses the gracefully, thus the reliance on imported food stuff (see table 1). Every single rural item (models include: grains, strands and blossoms), are by and large created naturally in the US yet at the same time more is imported from outside the US. A portion of the ranch produce that are found in the United States include: rice (delivered for more than 300 years and has three distinct sorts and they include: javanica, indica and japonica), oat (otherwise called Avena sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum), oranges and tangerines. Others include: grapefruit, soybean, lemons, watermelons, bananas, limes, nut, apples, sorghum, cotton, feed, strawberries, mangoes, peaches, plums, nectarines and corn (grain) (Haggett, 154). Produce that are exchanged by the US to different nations The United States exchange different produce with different nations; a portion of these items include: rice, wheat, grains, cotton, grain, tobacco, corn and soybean with the principle send out being oat items. Significance of exchange between states Interstate exchange permits brokers to cooperate more without obstructions while guaranteeing that deficiencies in a single state are met by the excess in another state. It prompts controlled costs and due to the support it makes through the assortment of items it profits in the business sectors to fulfill the need in those business sectors. Other than satisfying the need, the exchange will build income assortment in source nations which in itself persuades the providers to create more for the fare showcase. Since it is difficult for nations to rely upon their own produce and administrations alone, interstate exchange abuses the assortment in human, characteristic, capital assets and very various procedures in different states therefore making them similarly fit for benefiting an assortment of products on request by the nearby masses. Significance of worldwide food exchange Global food exchange is significant as nations don't by and large have the significant assets all the more so the ability to create the great measure of food that is required by the residents in a given nation. Items can't be created wherever as atmosphere changes do vary between various nations and zones of states thus without the worldwide food exchange numerous nations will be denied of different products as they can't deliver them (without the worldwide food exchange individuals will simply get the food indigenous that are accessible in their nations as it were). U.S. endurance without worldwide food exchange The way that the United States delivers most food surplus doesn't imply that it can make due without the worldwide food exchange. The United States would not get by without the worldwide food exchange as it for the most part relies upon the cash delivered through the exchange. It needs to exchange with other tally

The Parable of the Sahdu Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Parable of the Sahdu - Essay Example Story of the Sadhu started with the multi-ethnic and worldwide gathering of master hikers who need to arrive at the highest point of Mount Everest. One gathering part who is a piece of the New Zealand gathering of mountain climbers found the sadhu (an Indian sacred man that rehearses yoga or a plain or a spiritualist) to lie in the snow practically bare and close to death effectively because of hypothermia (loss of body heat because of the virus). He carried this Indian man to the gathering to which the creator Bowen H. McCoy had a place with so they can deal with him. He was in a rush to rejoin his gathering that is now a long ways ahead in the mountains. Individuals from the gathering of McCoy gave their nourishment and dress to the Sadhu so he can recoup his quality. The four individuals from a Swiss gathering additionally assisted with keeping the man warm. The gathering of the Japanese climbers wouldn't loan their pony for moving the Sadhu down the mountains to the following clo sest town. The nearby watchmen conveyed the man rather however just most of the way to the town and left the sadhu to cover the remainder of the path to the town which they called attention to him. Nobody in the gathering had tried to ask the sadhu for what valid reason he was there in the spot or on the off chance that he had truly needed to kick the bucket (McCoy 12). Nobody likewise knew whether the sadhu in the end lived or not. The lesson of the story is that individuals will regularly act diversely when stood up to with a circumstance that requires moral judgment. In this anecdote, each gathering of climbers found motivation to help the sadhu however just mostly, on the grounds that each had a more significant standard of arriving at the mountains top before the snow steps will dissolve and make arriving at the highest point practically incomprehensible. Every individual was stood up to with a moral quandary: regardless of whether to proceed with their excursion or help out the sadhu and get postponed and most likely never arrive at the mountains top any longer. At issue in this story is no individual or gathering was eager to acknowledge duty regarding the sadhu. Huge numbers of us as experts will experience comparable

Explore Leadership Traits Management Coursework - 1375 Words

Explore Leadership Traits Management Coursework (Coursework Sample) Content: Explore Leadership TraitsNameInstitutional AffiliationsExplore Leadership TraitsTraits That Help To Establish and Support a Positive School Community and CultureTo get to the desired destination an individual must understand the path to follow. Therefore this call for a clear strategizing of the journey as well as remaining focused to reach the destination. This is why an educational leader must be properly equipped to ensure a positive school community as well as culture. Certain traits that can help make this achievement are as discussed in this paper.Visionary and planning traitsAn educational leader must have a vision put down in writing, explaining how he would like to see the school attain a positive community and culture. After stating the vision, the leader should also have a plan or a mission to see the vision achieved. The plan is the one that dictates the path to be followed to reach the vision, which is the destination. Through planning, possible uncertain ties are put into consideration therefore, easing the process of overcoming any obstacles that may occur on the way (Check, 1996).A trait of establishing a walk-around managementTo understand what happens in a day-to-day life of school calendar, a good manager should not remain restrained in the office. However, he or she should always leave the office and walk around the school to see what is going on outside. This is very vital for the welfare of everyone, including the students, the staff and the even the parents. This also fosters an aspect of togetherness as everyone in the school feels a part of the institution. For the education leader, moving around grants him or her chance to be out of the classroom and office and understanding the entire institution well. Communication is also eased through integrating with all workers in their work, the students in class as well as any available parents (Check, 1996).Trait to Enhance TrustWhen an educational leader is interacting with the members of staff, students, and parents, an aspect of trustworthiness and straightforwardness should be felt. These entails being honest, knowing how to work, and speaking the truth among other characteristics. This earns the leader respect and credibility. Subjects of the leader take him at his words and working becomes easy (Check, 1996). Tendency to include others in decision making processInvolving others actively in making decision helps a leader develop leadership skills to the school staff members. The work of the educational leader is therefore eased as he or she is in a position of delegating some of his duties. These in turn motivates the staff members as well as parents and students involved making them to undertake any responsibility delegated to them efficiently (Johnson Uline, 2005).Tendency to Interact with OthersAn educational leader with a sense of humor will be more interactive with his staff members, students and parents. Laughing and socializing with others a s well as appreciating them when they do something good is very encouraging. Having a sense of humor also keeps a leader from lots of work stress and this occurs to those interacting with him or her too (Johnson, Uline, 2005).Being a role modelAn educational leader should always remember that the fact that he or she holds that position many people behind emulate what they do. Educational leaders should therefore, lead by example bearing in mind that the lives of the students are in their hands, to mould them to the best.Tendency to Remain focusedThe principal reason why an educational leader holds that position is to ensure that learning and teaching takes place. To achieve this, an educational leader should invest in people and develop purposeful teachers who are committed to see students advance in life. Traits to improve onFlowing from the above mentioned traits of an educational leader, I possess most of them, but I still need to improve on two of them. The first one that I n eed to improve on is on managerial skills. I have not been walking around to see what happens outside office and I intend to be doing this. I will also enroll for managerial skills classes to ensure that I am well equipped to manage a learning institution efficiently.Second, I need to improve on involving others in the decision making process. I have all along thought that it is easy and time saving to make decisions alone. However, I now understand that involving others will not make me encounter hard times in implementing activities if I involve teachers and students as well as parents. I intend to improve on this trait by involving my fellow staff members as well students and parents in all matters that call for making decisions.Evaluation of my traits against the ISLLC standardsInterstate School Leaders Licensure Consortium (ISLLC) is interested in a school administration that seeks to promote the success of all students. In doing this, ISLLC has come up with six traits that an educational leader should embrace. Their first trait states that an educational leader should seek the success of all students by ensuring that development takes place, as well as expression, implementation, and stewardship of a focused learning that is shared and sustained by the school community. In my evaluation in regard to the above stated trait, I have acquired the mentioned to ensure that all students are successful. I practice this trait by ensuring that the vision and plan of the school are well communicated to students, the staff, parents, and community members. I have communicated the vision and mission of the school by use of stories, symbols, ceremonies and similar activities. I have also modeled the school missions core beliefs for all stakeholders and I developed the school vision with and among all stakeholders. The second trait recommended by ISLLC to educational leaders is that they should ensure that all students are successful by nurturing them, being their adv ocates, ensuring sustenance of the school culture and providing a conducive environment for teaching and learning (Spanneut, Tobin Ayers, 2012). I have attained this attributes by working to see students nourished academically as well as socially. I have also created a rapport with teachers to ensure ...

Swot, Organisation Strategies of Sportsgirl - 1387 Words

Good morning ladies and gentlemen! First and foremost we wish to welcome you into the auditorium of modern fashion. For those of you, who may not know me, my name is XXXX , the national supervisor for Sportsgirl, and to my left is my partner Mr XXXX. We have gathered here today to present to you a SWOT analysis, organizational strategies, and the vision and mission statement of Sports girl. We live in the generation of fashion and technology. Our wants fashionably override our needs in life. The Australian fashion industry has come to expect a huge splash from Sportsgirl at the Melbourne L’Oreal Fashion Festival, and 2005 set a new benchmark. Ideally, the business will come to the customer by promoting their brand through the launches†¦show more content†¦With a growing concern, Sportsgirl faces a lot competition. The main issue that is being discussed for the weaknesses, are whether or not Sportsgirl can keep up with the ever growing demands the customer and keeping up to date with fashion.As with strengths in a business comes a variety of weakness, which include; †¢ A lot of competition. Such fashion stores as Dotti, Tempt, Valleygirl, Wish etc are proving to be very competitive as they offer similar clothes and market at the exact target audience. †¢ Competition that offers similar products †¢ Prices with fashion †¢ Keeping up with fashion †¢ Providing what customers want †¢ Limited range of clothing †¢ Suitable for limited age group †¢ No establishment in America (Major clothing country) †¢ Limited to only a few 1st and 2nd World Countries †¢ Unable to fully understand what their customers look for †¢ Differentiating between wants and needs With a booming business like Sportsgirl, it has all the opportunities to expand outside the reaches of Australasia to their friendly cohort in the United States of America and Europe. The US and Europe alike have a strong and positive reputation to be some of best fashion capitals in the world. There is a lot of money being made in both the fashion and beauty markets, majorly for women. Perhaps,Show MoreRelatedMarketing Plan11669 Words   |  47 PagesBardot in analysing their current situation, and to create strategies to improve their future. The base research performed for valid applicable information was in the form of a survey, which was conducted on over sixty respondents in various locations across Victorian cities, Melbourne and Geelong. From the results found here, the apparent weaknesses and opportunities were evident, which made the basis of our action programs and marketing strategies formed for Bardot. Section Two of the Plan, ‘The

Essay about The Theme of the Suffering Innocent in...

The Theme of the Suffering Innocent in Blakes London The poem London by William Blake paints a frightening, dark picture of the eighteenth century London, a picture of war, poverty and pain. Written in the historical context of the English crusade against France in 1793, William Blake cries out with vivid analogies and images against the repressive and hypocritical English society. He accuses the government, the clergy and the crown of failing their mandate to serve people. Blake confronts the reader in an apocalyptic picture with the devastating consequences of diseasing the creative capabilities of a society. Choosing the first person form in the first and fourth stanza, the poet reflects his personal†¦show more content†¦The tempo increases in the second stanza due to short and choppy vowel sounds, while the mood changes to an active outrage against oppression. The consonant y replicates the sounds of cries, recreating the experience of audible pain that the people and the poet suffered. Repetitions and alliteration of the word every creates an urgency and a common bond between the different elements of society. The responsible adult every man, the infant, a symbol of innocence and helplessness, every voice, the writers, and every ban, the rebel, all these members of society experience oppression. The common bond is expressed metaphorically in the mind-forged manacles?, giving us the horrifying sound of clanking iron chains, which were so common and terrifying in those days. But is not simply sound, it is the image of manacles, cuffs, hammered into the minds of people, as a blacksmith beats the iron into shape, that completes the picture of subtle and effective oppression, killing thoughts before they are even spoken. The reader can almost feel the physical hurt which is implied by these images that accuse the government of brainwashing and repressing creative expression. In the first line of the third stanza the poet introduces a sharp accusation against the church andShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Songs Of Innocence And Experience By William Blake1208 Words   |  5 Pages London in the late 18th century was full of poverty and corruption, according to poet William Blake. It was a city with no hope for poor people, and the government and church did little to help this. Among the poor were children working in slave-like conditions to feed their families and going to charity schools. Blake puts these children at the center of his piece to show the hypocritical nature of the church and how innocent people are suffering from it. He takes on two angles from the same topic:Read More William Blakes London Essay example995 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Blakes London Works Cited Not Included William Blakes London is a representative of English society as a whole, and the human condition in general that outlines the socio-economic problems of the time and the major communal evils. It condemns authoritative institutions including the military, royalty, new industries, and the Church. Blakes tone creates a feeling of informative bitterness, and is both angry and despondent at the suffering and increasing corruption of LondonsRead More The Songs of Experience - Explication of London Essay1043 Words   |  5 PagesExplication of London nbsp; William Blake published, in 1794, a collection of poems entitled The Songs of Experience. This collection works in collaboration with an earlier collection of the authors poems called The Songs of Innocence. The works of 1794 bring to the reader a more realistic or even pessimistic view of the authors native England, in comparison to the poems in The Songs of Innocence. One of the works in the more realistic collection is simply titled London. In this workRead MoreEssay about William Blake’s Poetry1541 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Blake’s Poetry William Blake was one of those 19th century figures who could have and should have been beatniks, along with Rimbaud, Verlaine, Manet, Cezanne and Whitman. He began his career as an engraver and artist, and was an apprentice to the highly original Romantic painter Henry Fuseli. In his own time he was valued as an artist, and created a set of watercolor illustrations for the Book of Job that were so wildly but subtly colored they would have looked perfectly at home inRead MoreWilliam Blake in Contrast of Songs of Innocence and of Experience1452 Words   |  6 Pagesthrough his many poems. Blake lived in London most of his life and many fellow literati viewed him as eccentric. He claimed to have interactions with angels and prophets, which had a great influence on his outlook of life. Blake believed all prominent entities, those being church, state, and government had become sick with greed and hatred; and Christianity had somehow failed. According to Jeffery Bell in Industrialization and Imperialism, 1800 – 1914 â€Å"Blake’s simple language and use of vernacularRead MoreAn Analysis of William Blakes Poem London Essay1852 Words   |  8 Pages In London, William Blake brings to light a city overrun by poverty and hardship. Blake discards the common, glorifying view of London and replaces it with his idea of truth. London is nothing more but a city strapped by harsh economic times where Royalty and other venues of power have allowed morality and goodness to deteriorate so that suffering and poverty are all that exist. It is with the use of three distinct metaphors; mind-forgd manacles, blackning Church, and Marriage hearse,Read MoreThe Poetry of William Blake1806 Words   |  8 PagesThis essay will aim to show the relationship between Innocence and Experience in William Blakes Songs. Both Songs of Experience and Songs of Innocence serve as a mirror Blake held up to society, the Songs of Experience being the darker side of the mirror. Blakes Songs show two imaginative realms: The two sides to the human soul that are the states of Innocence and Experience. The two states serve as different ways of seeing. The world of innocence as Northrop Frye saw it encapsulated theRead MoreEssay on The True, the Beautiful and the Good1967 Words   |  8 Pageswho upholds personal revolts as â€Å"Byronic Hero†. Although these romantic poets are known for the colorful imagination in their works, the source of their inspiration always came from reality, which is embodiment of the True. To begin with, William Blake’s Songs of Innocence, majorly praising the happiness in childhood, can be seen as the songs of ideality. In the poem, Blake summarized, â€Å"And I wrote my happy songs / Every child may joy to hear†, which clearly describes a free, naive, joyful environmentRead MoreRossetti Manuscripts and Innocence and the Songs of Experience1873 Words   |  8 Pagespoetry: the Songs of Innocence and the Songs of Experience. In his own day, he was widely believed to be quite mad, though those who knew him best thought otherwise. Today, few of us take Blakes madness seriously, either because we dont believe in it or because it no longer matters. Blakes fundamental concepts speak mainly about the human condition and emotion; and within the realms of this paper, I would like to persuade my readers that William Blake uses simple language and metaphorsRead MoreEssay on William Blake1879 Words   |  8 PagesNov. 28, 1757 to a poor Hosier’s family living in or around London. Being of a poor family, Blake received little in the way of comfort or education while growing up. Amazingly, he did not attend school for very long and dropped out shortly after learning to read and write so that he could work in his father’s shop. The life of a hosier however was not the right path for Blake as he exhibited early on a skill for reading and drawing. Blake’s skill for reading can be seen in his understanding for and

Analysis Of The Book Ephesians - 956 Words

Introductions and greetings are very important tools in communication. How people perceive you will often determine how they treat you. If you are trying to make friends, find clients, make contacts, sell them something, or anything else we might to, with one simple process, you can move one giant step toward your goal. Paul, in the book of Ephesians, demonstrates this process: Respect. Ephesians was written by Paul to the church in Ephesus. He wrote, Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, to the saints who are in Ephesus, and faithful in Christ Jesus. Beginning his letter, he reminded them of his service to Jesus as an apostle. He did not assume this responsibility, but Jesus charged him to this task, a charge that the Father Himself commanded. In Paul s estimation, even though it came with great honor, being appointed as an Apostle was practically a death sentence, one he would willingly and fervently accept. Notice how he demonstrates the respect he wants from them by addressing himself as he wants them to see him. Also note how he showed respect to his audience. He addressed the Christians of Ephesus by calling them saints. These were sacred people, made holy by the sacrifice of Jesus. They were faithful, another powerful word. These people were children of the living God, and loyal to Him. He addressed them with two of the highest terms of respect any Christian could wish to hear. The blessing of grace and peace he called upon them is exactly what theyShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Book Ephesians 922 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is the significance of mentioning the coming ages? Where is this being addressed? Was there a strong understanding of who Satan was? The genre of Ephesians is Epistles. Read the whole epistle in one sitting to get the big idea of the letter and its main contours. Try to write a big idea/theme of the book after reading it. Think in terms of the paragraphs being the main units of thought. Beware of isolating verses from the paragraph. Knowing the structure of epistles helps you know where youRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Ephesians Essay2524 Words   |  11 Pages Historical Background In the beginning of the book of Ephesians, Paul specifically states that he is the author of the letter to Ephesians, though the authenticity of Paul’s authorship has been questioned. Signing the name of an influential person of the period was common practice from â€Å"the third century BC to the first century AD.† Though it would not be the first time that Paul’s name was forged, Ephesians is not a controversial letter, so if the author did not want to include his own name,Read MoreThe Analysis On Ephesians Prefacing The Book The Bible Essay1570 Words   |  7 PagesIn the ESV study bible, the authors wrote an excerpt on Ephesians prefacing the author, title, date, background information, and a description of the ancient city of Ephesus. Relating to the author of Ephesians all scholars believed that Paul wrote the letter, until recent times where many scholars propose that an imitator or a follower of Paul wrote the letter. The scholars give two reasons fo r this theory, the first is the letter’s style does not represent Pauline thought, and the second beingRead MoreThe Book of Ephesians is an Epistle Written by Paul616 Words   |  2 PagesBible Dictionary Project Book The book of Ephesians is an epistle written by Paul to the church in Ephesus. It takes the form of a letter aimed at addressing the Christian congregation. Paul wrote the letter, along with several other epistles, while incarcerated in a Roman prison. With the assistance of Tychicus, Paul sent his letter to Ephesus, the capital of lesser Asia (Weber, 2000). Paul’s letter aims to expound on the critical role played by the church as a constituent of God’s plans.Read MoreThe Challenge Of Organizational Leadership Essay1498 Words   |  6 Pagesuse of innovation and creativity in leading the early Christian communities from insular spirituality to a global social or religious force, and then apply these concepts to the challenge of organizational leadership today by using Sacred Texture Analysis understanding on how Apostle Peter was saying about the principles of the concepts to the challenge of organizational leadership today, I must use the application of exegesis with the guidance of the Holy Spirit. These are my insights. In carryingRead MoreThe Temple Of Artemis At Ephesus1727 Words   |  7 Pagesa complex building with a complex history. Located in East Greece, the building underwent many changes, as did the surrounding Greek society. This paper will discuss the history, architecture, historical context, and sculptures of the temple. An analysis of it’s evolution will also be provided. The temple was built in mid sixth century BCE. The exact date of construction is unknown. However, a date of around 525 BCE has been suggested based on the column reliefs found. They are comparable to theRead MoreDbq on Slavery765 Words   |  4 PagesDOCUMENT BASED QUESTION DIRECTIONS: Compose a thesis controlled essay answering the following question based on YOUR analysis of the documents provided below. Take into account both the sources of the documents and the point of view of the authors. DO NOT SIMPLY WRITE A SUMMARY OF EACH INDIVIDUAL DOCUMENT. THE QUESTION: What was the scope and the attitude of people toward the institution of slavery in the world from the beginning of civilization to the dawn of modern times? Note to the wise:Read MoreSlavery During The Roman Empire And The New Testament2120 Words   |  9 Pagessensation of the explanations begins to be sought out. The New Testament brings us many different views on how we percept our personal beliefs upon Slavery, and different problems arising as aspects on this topic are perceived by Paul the Apostle in Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, and Philemon. Slavery was introduced by the Roman Empire during the era of the New Testament. In this period of time, almost half of the children born into the dynasty were quickly transformed and molded into the slavesRead MoreAnalysis of the Message of the New Testament2322 Words   |  10 PagesTESTAMENT __________________ A Book Review Presented to Dr. Richard T. Vann, Jr. Dallas Baptist University __________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for MALA 5366 __________________ by Travis G. Gothard April 14, 2013 Bruce, F. F. The Message of the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1973. 120 pp. $10.71. â€Å"What is the New Testament?† â€Å"Is there one New Testament Message?† F. F. Bruce addresses these questions in his book, The Message of the New TestamentRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book With God In The Crucible911 Words   |  4 PagesMaddy Walsh BIB101 With God in the Crucible In the book, â€Å"With God in the Crucible†, author, Peter Storey, gives his personal account of his involvement in ending the apartheid in South Africa. As a minister during this time period of hardship, Storey believed that he was called by God to offer a message of justice and reconciliation to the stubborn land of South Africa. He felt as though God had sent him to influence the people against the apartheid, and to offer strength and peace to those being

The Impulse Of An Impulse Purchase Decision - 843 Words

An impulse purchase decision can be defined as the result of complex behavioural processes, thoughtful and deliberate consideration of information about the good in question and its alternatives (Bayley Nancarrow, 1998). An impulse purchase is typically associated with reckless decision making as the assumption is that it is a decision made without thinking about the consequences too much. However, this definition by (Bayley Nancarrow, 1998) suggests that the impulse decision is one made using complex behavioural processes which take place within a number of seconds in a consumer’s mind. Generally, impulsivity is a personality trait with negative connotations as in most cases impulsive behaviour leads to rushed decisions without the individual realising the effect that their decision may have. It is useful to explore how impulse buying behaviour has risen and become a norm in the modern era with all but a few retailers targeting certain products at the consumer who is vulnerable to act impulsively. In terms of where these goods are usually found, it is usually just before an individual goes to pay for their items in a supermarket and tends to be relatively inexpensive. A study by Deloitte in 2013 revealed some interesting facts about consumer’s buying behaviour and habits. It found that consumers were diverting attention away from in-store purchases and rather doing their grocery shopping online. The emergence of e-commerce has reduced the proportion of instore impulseShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Post Purchase Dissonance And Factors Affecting It Essay1657 Words   |  7 PagesPaper On Post Purchase Dissonance Submitted to: Dr Payal Kapoor Date: 12-11-2015 By Ayushi Choudhary 231038 Objective An indepth analysis of Post Purchase Dissonance and factors affecting it. Introduction In a highly dynamic environment, marketers in order to increase product’s sales should not only create new customer base but also retain its existing ones. For that to happen, higher customer satisfaction is required which also helps to increase revenue. When a consumer purchases a product andRead MoreCulture And Buyer Behavior : The Impact On Impulsive Behavior1363 Words   |  6 Pages Culture and Buyer Behaviour: The impact on impulsive behaviour Introduction Since consumers are always changing and purchase differently with various cultures, it is necessary for marketers to research and analyze different cultures where their customers in and how buyer behave during their shopping trip in order to effective stimulus and lead consumers to purchase, provide better service for them and sharpen the competitive edge in the market. For consumers, shopping is not only satisfy theirRead MoreImpulse Buying Behavior And Marketing Decision Making865 Words   |  4 PagesImpulse Buying Behavior It plays a very important role and position in marketing decision making. It can be explained as a tendency of making â€Å"unreflective†, spontaneous, immediate, kinetic, unplanned and sudden purchases. Impulse buying has got two parts- cognitive and affective where cognitive is related with planning and latter one with situational factors leading to an impulse purchase. It provides hedonic reinforcement and reduces overload of selection. It is revealed that cognitive componentRead MoreUse Of Pre Commitment And Commitment Devices994 Words   |  4 Pagespay my mandatory monthly expenses. As a result, I used more caution with my spending because I didn’t have quick and easy access to large amounts of capital. Binding finances to a trusted friend or family member will help anyone avoid costly impulse purchases, reduce stress related to â€Å"buyers’ remorse†, and become more financial savvy, ultimately leading to long-term financial freedom. â€Å"Contemporary marketing innovations such as 24-hour retailing, telemarketing, cash machines, and â€Å"instant credit†Read MoreThe Supermarket : Prime Real Estate1086 Words   |  5 Pagesgeneral argument made by Nestle in her work, â€Å"The Supermarket: Prime Real Estate, is that supermarkets are taking advantage of our unconscious mind and we are purchasing products on impulse. Extensive research concludes that the average customer will stray away from their shopping list and will purchase something on impulse. 70% of buyers bring lists into the store, roughly 10% of shoppers stick to their list. Managers have succeeded when a shopper buys what is on the end shelf or on sale. It isRead MoreAn Analysis of Martin Fishbeins Theory of Reasoned Action1231 Words   |  5 Pagesto do. Subjective norm does not account for individual differences. Some people may choose not to consult parents or friends about their decision to carry out a behavior. There are numerous individuals who will feel more comfortable making decisions without their family or peer group, and there are also people who may find it impossible to make a decision about ‘giving up alcohol’ without discussing it with others. Subjective norm therefore may not be as feasible as evaluation of outcome. ThisRead MoreConcepts And Principles Of Marketing And Consumer Psychology Essay931 Words   |  4 Pagesmarketing models will be included. 3.0 Main Body 3.1 Consumer Behaviour In this section I will be discussing relevant consumer behaviour theories and then providing a more in depth analysis of how Cadbury utilise these. 3.1.1 The Decision Making Process The decision making process has five-steps that simply display buyer behaviour, and logically goes through, step-by-step, the process of a consumer buying a product. The first step in this model is problem recognition; this comes when the consumerRead MoreThe s Dimensions ( Ind Vs Coll1340 Words   |  6 Pagescollectives, while individualistic societies consist of autonomous individuals feeling independent from collectives. Considering these definitions, it can be hypothesized that collectivistic individuals would be more likely to suppress their hedonic impulse trait-behaviour in order maintain the group harmony, interests and goals. Kacen and Lee (2002) conducted a multi-country survey, which showed that individualistic consumers engage in more impulsive buying than collectivistic consumers. In their opinionRead MoreImpulse Buying A Common Behavior Today2493 Words   |  10 PagesImpulse buying is a common behavior today. Our society of consumption sucks us into temptation to purchase items without thinking of the consequences which can be a negative thing. Impulse buying can be related to feelings of happiness and satisfaction or depression and anxiety. Its negative effects could affect bad consequences to one’s lifestyle and controlling ones impulse buying behavior could improve psychological well-being. To understand impulse buying behavior, we should first ask ourselvesRead MoreImpulse Purchasing And The Factors That Affect It1816 Words   |  8 PagesTHE NATURE OF IMPULSE PURCHASING + THE FACTORS THAT AFFECT IT Impulse purchase is in essence a decision to purchase an item that was not previously planned. This definition is probably one of the definitions that is most in accordance with what is presented in the literature because it ticks the important boxes. However some people might argue that the wording is too general and that the meaning of some terms could be interpreted in different ways. Be that as it may, there is a certain degree of

The Un Convention On The Rights Of Children - 789 Words

INTRODUCTION The UN Convention on the Rights of children defines a child as â€Å"everyone under the age of 18 years, unless under the law applicable to the child majority is attained. The UK has a number of laws protecting children and guaranteeing them basic rights The changing ideas about children have led many scientists to claim that childhood is a social construction. The scientists use this term to mean that â€Å"understandings of childhood are not the same everywhere and that while all societies acknowledge that children are different from adults, how they are different and what expectations are placed on them change according to society in which they live. Childhood Policies The United Kingdom has a large number of laws protecting children and guaranteeing them basic rights. There are numerous pieces of legislation that provide children with rights in the areas of education, health, justice system etc. even though this policies exist, there is tendency to view children in the UK as incompetent, irresponsible, dependent etc In UK educational policies, children are mainly understood as learners and citizens in the making adults in preparation. The focus is on their educational outcomes and vast sums of money are invested in working out how to improve their qualifications and attainments to ensure they are well positioned to take their place in a competitive labour market/economy. In social welfare policies, children are frequently seen as being at risk ofShow MoreRelatedRights of the Child1178 Words   |  5 PagesUN CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child was brought into effect to recognise that Children needed their own set of specific human rights that should be protected and that these were a universal right not a privilege. The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child was drawn up and accepted by the UN in 1989. The UK government agreed to abide by the principles in 1991 and it was fully implemented in 1992. The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child isRead MoreHow Children s Rights Are Being Breached Within The Uk1202 Words   |  5 PagesThis assignment will address how children’s rights are being breached within the UK. Focusing mainly on (The Crime and Disorder Act, 1998) which is an Act currently used within the UK’s society. . (The Crime and Disorder Act, 1998) covers almost all aspects of children’s rights, however the main provisions of the Act are; Antisocial Behaviour order (ASBO), parenting orders and sex offender’s orders. (The United Nations Convention on the Rights of The Child, 1990) became part of the UK’s Law in 1992Read MoreEssay On Normative Work915 Words   |  4 PagesFocus Area 1: Normative Work The UN has served as the key forum where Member States and experts have developed universal norms and standards in conventions, declarations, regulatory frameworks, agreements, guidelines, codes of practice and other standard setting instruments, at national and regional levels. The UN’s normative work in Afghanistan operates at three categories: a) support in the development of norms and standards; b) support in integrating norms and standards into legislation, policiesRead MoreChild Labor Is A Violation Of Fundamental Human Rights1553 Words   |  7 Pagesplace from 1760-1840, and has become prominent throughout our world since. Children would work around 19 hours a day, having approximately a one hour break, and work for almost no pay. In the 1900’s, statistics showed that over 200 million children were involved in the act of child labor worldwide, and 73 million of them were under 10 years old. By the year of 2012, that rate lowered to 168 million, which is 11% of children worldwide. Child labor does not just consist of agricultural work, but includesRead MorePhilosophy 381 : Genocide, Language And Power1319 Words   |  6 PagesPHILOSOPHY 381: GENOCIDE,LANGUAGE AND POWER Professor: Lynne Tirrell 5th October, 2015 We Wish to Inform[Question 1] How many people need to be killed before a crisis becomes a genocide? How many sections of article 2 Of the UN convention needs to occur to be considered a genocide? Is the sterilization of hundreds of Puerto rico women taking imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group considered Genocide? Is police targeting and killing certain grips of people more often a formRead MoreMinor s Autonomy And Health Care883 Words   |  4 Pagesof 18 is children, who are also termed as minors. They have equal rights in healthcare decision making as adults. And it is not a privilege, but rather a right. Children rights are human rights that are basic standards to which every person is entitled in order to survive and develop in dignity (UNICEF Canada). These rights are included but not limited to make to make decisions in their health, privacy and confidentiality of health information, respect for their values and belief and right to be informedRead MorePromoting The Participatio n For People With Disabilities1333 Words   |  6 PagesPediatric, wrote that â€Å"Regular physical activity [†¦] have shown to help controlling or slowing the progression of chronic disease [†¦] on children, and their families † in a clinical report specifically about promoting physical activities to children with disabilities. This is a very powerful statement as it is saying the chronic disease can be prevented or minimized for children by doing physical activities. Also as written obesity is a large issue for people with disabilities who do not participate in sportsRead MoreAid Into Latin America And Asia Essay1685 Words   |  7 Pagesinto Latin America and Asia. Eleanor Roosevelt, the U.S. delegate to the UN argued that UNICEF was a temporary group to help children after war and not that it’s over the work should be delegated to other permanent UN organizations. (Explained in more detail) Pakistan’s delegate to the UN, Ahmed Shah Bokhari, argu ed against Roosevelt in saying that the images of European children after the war are the realities of children living in other regions every day. In 1950, it was agreed that UNICEF’s charterRead MoreChild Welfare Committee / Juvenile Justice Board968 Words   |  4 Pagesbelow 18 years to child Welfare Committee/ Juvenile Justice Board. ï‚ § Child rescued from the brothel should be considered as a child under need of care and protection. Some of the other organisation which focus on the prevention of trafficking among children and protection of the child victims are: ï‚ § SAARTHAK: working in Delhi focus on providing mental health resources and process for the victims after rescued. ï‚ § RESCUE FOUNDATION: working in Maharashtra and runs shelter home with facilities such asRead MoreHuman Rights For The Disabled1304 Words   |  6 PagesBackground The topic of human rights for the disabled came after centuries of discrimination and mistreatment by people who thought nothing of them. During the 1800s, people with disabilities were used in circuses or in sideshows for entertainment or were put in an asylum for their whole life. They were thought to be abnormal and pitiful. The Disability Rights Movement began in the United States after World War One, because disabled veterans demanded care from the government. The problem has developed

Marriage of Figaro Act 1 Essay Example For Students

Marriage of Figaro Act 1 Essay This opera we watched as a class was quite an experience. It was initially a bit hard on the eyes to see in the dark as I was not able to take proper notes for the one page summary submission. This opera was composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and premiered in Vienna at the Burgtheater on May 1st 1786. The Marriage of Figaro was considered an instant success. The Marriage of Figaro was considered an instant success for not only being composed by Mozart, its bubbling overtures (orchestral composition forming the prelude or introduction to an opera), its brilliantly created arias (elaborate melody sung solo with accompaniment) and Mozart’s masterpiece of a score gave life to a tale of profound betrayal, love and forgiveness. We saw Act 1 where the setting was a room where Figaro and his fiancee Susanna were having discussion on their new bedroom and where the bedroom is located in perspective to that of the Count and Countess. They are also trying to build their nuptial bed. Susanna explains how the Count is plotting with her music teacher the as the middle person to be seduced by his promise of adoration. It is after this initial scene, I became a bit confused as to what else transpires during the Act. They were many repetitive sentences that were captions to correspond with each person during the opera. It was easier to read the emotion portrayed by each cast member than to try to keep up with the captions. I did enjoy the moment when both the Count and the young boy were hiding in the same location separated by sheets. At that very moment you the audience felt for the young boy as he was told to leave the castle. The confusion I had was to understand the difference between the issue of the dowry and a tradition the Count abolished. I was not sure during the opera what they were talking about. I had to research a bit to get clarity to put the opera in perspective. This opera did have a lot of betrayal and plot lines within one another. I think the best translation to understand this opera is if your native tongue is Italian. It would be easier to grasp the nuances, emotions and local customs that Mozart was trying to convey. The custom that Figaro was talking about was specifically called â€Å"feudal droit du seigneur. † This is where the custom or right of the Lord (Count) of the manor/castle to sleep with his servant’s bride on her wedding night. It now makes sense how that scene being a tense moment of the Count, Susanna, the music teacher, the young boy and Figaro all comes together now. Figaro asks the Count for his blessing in having him present the bridal veil on Susanna. Among all the peasants, gifts being showered upon them and in all of that confusion that one moment embodies the title of the opera. Overall watching Act 1 was a bit confusing, repetitive and at times boring. Once I understood what was taking place on stage, I enjoyed Mozart’s opera. Bibliography: Le Nozze Di Figaro: Act I, Scene 1. Jennifer Sgroe, n.d. Web. 10 June 2015. Schwarm, Betsy. The Marriage of Figaro | Opera by Mozart. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, 21 Oct. 2014. Web. 11 June 2015.

Motivational Theories Related Employee

Question: Discuss about the Motivational Theories Related Employee. Answer: Introduction: In this paper, we discuss the different theories which are developed to create workplace motivation in the employees and critically evaluate these theories. In this we also discuss how these theories are applicable at workplace to improve the engagement of employees at workplace. There are large numbers of members who agree that this era demands more efficient and productive employees as compared to other times. It is necessary for businesses to survive that they increase their performance in efficient way. Managers are facing different challenges to make their company successful and put the company ahead from their competitors. The most difficult challenge for manager is to get work done through employees. It is the job of the manager that he gets the things done efficiently through employees. The best way to do this is motivate the employee and get best out of him (Thin, 2011). Employee motivation is the concept which aims to motivate the employees in pursuing his task or goals. It helps the manager to get the things done from employees in effective and efficient way. There is an old saying that owner can take the horse to the water but he cannot force the horse to drink the water, and same thing happen with the people. Nature of human is simple and as well as complex, they do what they want to do or otherwise motivated to do. Motivation increases the engagement of employees in workplace, and helps them in achieving their task. There are number of theories which are used by managers to create and increase motivation in their employees (ACCEL, n.d.; Heathfield, 2016). MARS model is the model which evaluates individual behavior and includes four factors which affect individual behavior that is Motivation, Ability, role and perceptions, and situational factors. Motivation is the internal force which result in changes of individual behavior and make his performance more effective. This process is continuous in nature and this factor sustained due to behavior of individual and factors of organization. Therefore, it is necessary for managers that they ensure that employees in the organization are satisfied and happy which result in effective performance and increasing productivity (Tutorials point, n.d.). Motivation is described in two types of forces that are intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation is described as that feeling of satisfaction which was achieved when there is needs related to self actualization are fulfilled, and this type of motivation is not related to financial rewards. For example employees of the organization feel motivated when they get appraisal from their employer for good work or get promotion. Employees also feel motivated when their opinion or advices are followed by senior management (Cherry, 2016). Extrinsic motivation includes external factors which are mainly related to financial rewards such as higher pay, fringe benefits, scheme related to profits and any other type of financial benefits. These factors are work well in motivating employees to work well and do desirable behavior in the organization. In this it is clear that financial benefits are the most powerful motivator which can be used by organization because from this source many other desires are fulfilled (Cherry, 2016). Motivation represent those forces which are under the individual and affect the direction of that individual, intensity of that individual, and also persistency of the behavior of that individual. In this direction means a way in which individual engage its effort, and in this individual has completely free choice that where they are putting their effort. They are completely of where they are putting their effort and what they are trying to achieve. This force of motivation not random instead they are goal directed . The next element of motivation is intensity which stated the amount of effort an individual putting to achieve his goal. It is defined as how much an individual pushed himself to achieve that task. For example employer gives similar task to two employees and both are motivated to complete that task few hours before the deadline, but only one employee put enough efforts to accomplish that task before the deadline and achieve his goal. The third and the last force is persistency that is an individual continues his effort to achieve his goal for particular time. In other words whether individual continuous his effort till he achieve his goal or give up before achieving the target. It is important to note motivation is not the actual behavior of an individual but it exists within the individual. Therefore, we can say that above mention forces are the reasons which help us in achieving our goal (E-books, n.d.). Employee engagement is an approach which is considered in workplace and lead to right condition in an organization so that employees can give their best to the organization, and fulfill all their goals in organization and values. This approach mainly focuses on efficiency of employees so that they can contribute in the success of an organization together. Engagement of employees is based on trust, integrity, and commitment of employees for organization and how organization is committed towards employees. These approaches increase the productivity and growth of business and also increase the chances of success (custom insight, n.d. ; Reilly, 2014). Business organizations in which employees are not motivated face number of problems such as low production and high rates of turnover. There are many theories which stated the procedures to motivate the employees, and also give suggestions to increase the motivation at workplace (Zeiger, n.d.). Here we explain these theories and critically evaluate the applicability of these theories. Some of the theories are explained below: Maslow hierarchy of needs theory Abraham Maslow said that motivation is based on the hierarchy of needs of people in which they cannot move to the next level of need without satisfying the previous need. This theory stated that peoples have pyramid hierarchy of needs, and they satisfied these needs from bottom level to top level. The hierarchy of needs defined by Maslow covers the needs which are belonged to the social circle which pursue the talent through self-actualization. Maslow further stated that unfulfilled needs at lower level restrict the employees to move to the next level. The needs in this theory is divided into two categories that is deficiency needs that is physiological and safety and growth needs that is belonging, self-esteem and self-actualization (McLeod, 2016; Your coach, n.d.). Maslow divided the employees need into five categories which started with basic and physical needs and goes towards needs of personal growth and career development. Some of these needs are not expensive and easy to fulfill while some are hard and costly to meet. Needs of employees are not same and they changed according to time and employee to employee. Hierarchy of needs specified by Maslow is Physiological needs such as cafeterias, vending machines and availability of drinking water. Second level is security and safety needs such as wages and salaries, medical benefits, resolve problems, rest periods, working conditions. Third level defines belongings such as encouraging social interactions, team spirits, social activities. Fourth level state self esteem needs and in last there is self-actualization needs (Chand, n.d.). If these needs of employees are not meet at any level of hierarchy then this will affect the professional lives of employees, and this will cause the employees to fulfill their needs on their own level for example finding new job which will provide better opportunities (Learning theories, n.d.). There are some limitations of this theory which are described here such as this theory is very simplified and Maslow develops his theory only on the basis of human needs, and he does not consider the relationship between human behavior and his needs. It is necessary that theory also give emphasis to expectations, experience and perception. Needs of humans are not similar and there are number of employees who are satisfied by fulfilling their physiological needs and security of employment. Therefore, pattern described in this theory is not suitable for all individuals in the organization. This theory is not suitable for the present era because now desires of individuals are not limited and there are number of needs which are not satisfied by following this theory. This theory is accepted by large number of organizations but this theory is untested and contains more philosophical facts than scientific (Net MBA, n.d.; Akrani, 2010). Applicability of this theory at workplace: Chip Conley is the founder of the Joie de Vivre hotel chain and also Head of Hospitality at Airbnb, used Maslow theory to make transformations in his business. Chip stated that number of mangers face problem at the last level of pyramid needs that is self actualization compared to lower level of need. Conley help his employees in understanding the importance of their roles. They conduct an exercise in which question was asked from eight housekeepers that if someone came down from mars and saw you working as housekeepers, then what they will call you. Answers given by housekeepers were quite surprising as they said The Serenity Sisters, The Clutter Busters, and The Peace of Mind Police. These answers show that housekeepers think that they were doing more important than cleaning the room. They were providing security and safety to the guest who are away from their homes and also make them feel comfortable. Through this exercise they realize the importance of their work and their roles in the company, and also understand the value they are adding up in the organization which results in more motivated teams. From the above example it is clear that if employer wants best from his employees then he must help them in other aspects of their life also which are not related to work. There are many ways to support them outside the work such as provide them extra time so which they can spend with their families and pay them fair pay which make them financially stable (Panay, n.d.). Hertzbergs Two-Factor Theory Yhis theory was introduced in 1950 by psychologist Frederick Herzberg, and also known as dual-factor theory or motivation-hygiene theory. This theory is developed after analyzing the 200 responses from accountants and engineers who were questioned about the positive and negative feeling related to their work. Herzberg found two factors that impact the motivation level of employees and also their satisfaction level. These are the two factors on which Herzberg theory is based that are motivational factor and hygiene factor (Msg, n.d.; Nivens, n.d.). Motivator factor stated those factors which result in satisfied and motivated employees to work harder, and this includes employees are enjoying their work, feeling recognized and progress in their career. These factors are also known as intrinsic motivators which give importance to the emotional needs of the employees instead of tangible needs. These needs are similar from the high level of needs identified by the Maslow in his theory and relatedness and growth categories in ERG theory. Second factor is hygiene factor which include those factors which are very important for employees to work efficiently and if these factors are not present then it will result in dissatisfaction and lack of motivation. For example unfair salary, policies of companies related to employees, and relations of employees with manager and other employees. Hygiene factors are also known as extrinsic motivators, and these factors represent the basic needs of employees which are similar to the needs identified by McClelland's in his ERG Theory that is existence category or in the Maslow theory under lower level of pyramid. This theory stated that both these factors impact the motivation and both these factors work independently from each other. There is one difference between these two factors that is absence of motivation factors does not result in dissatisfaction in employees but absence of hygiene factors cause dissatisfaction in employees (Hezberg, n.d. ; Net MBA, n.d.). There are number of limitations in this theory such as this theory is not appropriate for the managers where low motivation is concerned for the employees of the organization. In this those employees are included who dont have hierarchy of needs. For example employees who are not educated are happy with fulfillment of hygiene needs, and they are not interested in any kind of self actualization. If managers applied the theory on such employees without identifying their needs then this theory can be backfired. Instead of getting motivated these employees would only get overwhelmed by the work, and there is chances that they are not satisfied even manager fulfill their basic needs. Herzberg stated that employees get motivated from money, and money work as the best motivator. Money is a hygiene factor which motivates large number of employees. This motivator helps the employees to work harder but in return they are expected high salary and other monetary gains. This theory is parallel to the theory of Maslow which makes this theory easier to apply in the organization. However, questions marks are put on this theory on the basis of Methodology. This theory is applicable by managers to motivate their employees in the organization by identifying the hygiene and motivation factors, but it is not necessary that every individual accept this method because needs of individual are different (Yew Manap, 2012). Applicability of this theory at workplace: It is necessary for manager that he focuses on both factors that is motivator factor and hygiene factors because both factors are important in their own way. Manger must help their employees in motivating them and also ensure that they are appreciated for their good work and get support from employer. Give feedback to the employees on their work and make them understand their value in the company, and how they can grow through the company. Manger can take many steps which prevent the feeling of job dissatisfaction among their employees by ensure that working conditions at workplace are good and employees get fair pay, and managers are making supportive relations with their teams. Employers must understand that all the employees are different and one motivational factor work on one employee might not work on other employee. Therefore, employers must treat them individually. Managers must identify the issues which cause dissatisfaction among their employees and resolve them by satisfying the hygiene needs of employees (Future of working, 2014; Amoako, 2011). Abovementioned theories are very similar to each other as both re serving the same concept that is motivation of employees and get best out of them by fulfilling the needs of employees. These two theories are very similar but they have some differences also that are Maslow basically focus on human needs and categorize them and ignore the areas of emotions and other feelings whereas Herzberg concentrate on physiological and concrete things which are necessary to produce motivation (Ossa, 2010). Conclusion- In this we discuss the Employee engagement is an approach which is considered in workplace and lead to right condition in an organization so that employees can give their best to the organization, and fulfill all their goals in organization and values. Motivation increases the engagement of employees in workplace, and helps them in achieving their task. In this we also state comparison between the individual behavior with MARS model and also stated the three forces of motivation that is direction, integrity and persistency. Later we discuss two theories to motivate the employees in an organization that is Maslow hierarchy of needs theory which stated that motivation is based on the hierarchy of needs of people in which they cannot move to the next level of need without satisfying the previous need. This theory stated that peoples have pyramid hierarchy of needs, and they satisfied these needs from bottom level to top level and next theory is Hertzbergs Two-Factor Theory and this theory was introduced in 1950 by psychologist Frederick Herzberg, and also known as dual-factor theory or motivation-hygiene theory. This theory is developed after analyzing the 200 responses from accountants and engineers who were questioned about the positive and negative feeling related to their work. Herzberg found two factors that impact the motivation level of employees and also their satisfaction level. At last, we conclude the essay by saying that both theories have limitation of their own and both theories are applicable at workplace according to the circumstances and environment of organization. References: ACCEL. Employee Motivation: Theory and Practice. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://www.accel-team.com/motivation/. Zeiger, S. Theories on Motivation in Organizations and Management. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/theories-motivation-organizations-management-25221.html. Ingram, D. Motivation Theories Employee Turnover. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/motivation-theories-employee-turnover-11785.html. McLeod, S. (2016). Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://www.simplypsychology.org/maslow.html. Your Coach. Maslow hierarchy of needs theory. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://www.yourcoach.be/en/employee-motivation-theories/maslow-hierarchy-of-needs-theory.php. Chand, S. Maslows Need Hierarchy Theory of Motivation. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/human-resources/maslows-need-hierarchy-theory-of-motivation/32382/. Sinha, K. D. Maslows Need Hierarchy Theory of Motivation! Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/entrepreneurship/motivation-entrepreneurship/maslows-need-hierarchy-theory-of-motivation-explained-with-diagram/40686/. Thin, M. L. (2011). The relationship between MARS model and employees performance at workplace. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://ir.unimas.my/4225/1/The%20relationship%20between%20mars%20model%20(motivation,%20ability,%20role%20perceptions,%20situational%20factors)%20and%20employees'%20performance%20at%20the%20work%20place.pdf. Panay, M. 5 Psychological Theories of Motivation to Increase Productivity. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://contactzilla.com/blog/5-psychological-theories-motivation-increase-productivity/. Learning Theories, MASLOWS HIERARCHY OF NEEDS. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://www.learning-theories.com/maslows-hierarchy-of-needs.html. Net MBA. MASLOWS HIERARCHY OF NEEDS. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://www.netmba.com/mgmt/ob/motivation/maslow/. Akarani, G. (2010). Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://kalyan-city.blogspot.in/2010/06/maslow-hierarchy-of-needs-theory-of.html. Heathfield, M. S. (2016). What Is Employee Motivation. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-employee-motivation-1918108. Cherry, K. (2016). What is Intrinsic Motivation. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://www.verywell.com/what-is-intrinsic-motivation-2795385. Cherry, K. (2016). What is Extrinsic Motivation. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://www.verywell.com/what-is-extrinsic-motivation-2795164. E-books. Individual Behavior, Personality, and Values. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://ebooks.narotama.ac.id/files/Organizational%20Behavior%20(5th%20Edition)/Chapter%202%20%20%20Individual%20Behavior,%20Personality,%20and%20Values.pdf. Tutorialspoint. Mars Model of Individual Behavior. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/individual_and_group_behavior/mars_model_individual_behavior.htm. Msg. Herzbergs Two-Factor Theory of Motivation. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://www.managementstudyguide.com/herzbergs-theory-motivation.htm#. Nivens, S. V. Herzberg's Motivators and Hygiene Factors. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/herzberg-motivators-hygiene-factors.htm. Herzberg, F. Motivation and Hygiene factors. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://www.valuebasedmanagement.net/methods_herzberg_two_factor_theory.html. Net MBA.Herzberg's Motivators - Hygiene theory. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://www.netmba.com/mgmt/ob/motivation/herzberg/. Future of Working, (2014). Herzberg Theory of Motivation in the Workplace. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://futureofworking.com/herzberg-theory-of-motivation-in-the-workplace/. Amoako, K. G. (2011). Application of Frederick Herzbergs Two-Factor theory in assessing and understanding employee motivation at work: a Ghanaian Perspective. European Journal of Business and Management (Online), Vol 3, No.9. Yew, T. L. Manap, A. M. (2012). A critical assessment of Herzbergs theory of motivation. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://www.theborneopost.com/2012/10/23/a-critical-assessment-of-herzbergs-theory-of-motivation/. Reilly, R. (2014). Five Ways to Improve Employee Engagement Now. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://www.gallup.com/businessjournal/166667/five-ways-improve-employee-engagement.aspx. Custom insight. What is Employee Engagement. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://www.custominsight.com/employee-engagement-survey/what-is-employee-engagement.asp. Leadership central.com. Two Factor Theory. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://www.leadership-central.com/two-factor-theory.html#axzz4TXyA8mjG. Ossa, P. M. (2010). What are the similarities and differences between the theories of Maslow and Herzberg. Retrieved on 21st December 2016 from: https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/2-what-similarities-differences-between-theories-145987.

Why Marijuana should be legalized

Efficient Ways to Write Good Persuasive Essay

Efficient Ways to Write Good Persuasive EssayEfficient ways to write good persuasive essays has a high priority since writing an effective persuasive essay is not an easy task. People are prone to be skeptical when it comes to your ability to perform well in such a task. You can overcome this fact and show everyone that you are the most competent person around by using the many easy persuasive essay samples that are available on the Internet.The first thing that you need to do is determine how much of your personal information you want to divulge on your essay. You need to make sure that all of your information is related to your topic and this includes your age, occupation, family background, and even your religious views. This information may seem like a bit of information that could affect your essay but in the end it would be worth it. By making yourself open to anyone who may be reading the essay then you are allowing yourself to include more information that would ultimately ad d more value to your essay. This way people will really have an idea about you that would help them judge whether or not you are indeed the most competent person in the field.In addition to personal information you should also include facts about yourself. Just because you are writing an essay doesn't mean that you have to disclose everything about yourself. There are many things that you are allowed to hide from people. However, you should make sure that you don't turn everything out of proportion. In the end it will be beneficial for you to leave some of your personal information but not everything.You need to remember that the primary concern in writing an essay is to reach your audience so that they would actually believe that you are knowledgeable in the field. The goal is to let them know that you are genuine and that you are a person that they can rely on. It does not matter how much you share with people if you are not trustworthy and you don't communicate with them honestly , then your writing will not do much for them.Writing an essay should be a pleasant experience. If you find it to be a frustrating task then you should just ignore it and move on. This will help you avoid being frustrated by writing an essay. For those who are already frustrated by the task then you may want to consider using some easy persuasive essay samples so that you would not have to deal with your own problems.You should also think about applying some of the easy persuasive essay samples which would allow you to get all of your information out in the open without having to worry about any kind of negative response. While this may seem like an easy task but it is really not. You need to remember that using these types of materials is not only needed for your essay but also for life.Once you use some of the easy persuasive essay samples you will be able to see just how much more of your personal information you need to include in order to write an effective persuasive essay. Th is will also give you the confidence that you need to become the writer that you want to be. Since there are no limits to what you can write, you have nothing to worry about in that regard.

The Three Faces Of Psycho Essays - English-language Films, Psycho

The Three Faces Of Psycho Essays - English-language Films, Psycho The Three Faces Of Psycho THE THREE FACES OF PSYCHO Psycho has no doubt become one of the most beloved horror stories of all times. It is an undisputed classic. It spins a well-known tale of how the person living next door, in the next room, or down the road just might not be all they seem on the outside. Psycho first came into the world as a literary novel in 1958. It would become Robert Blochs signature piece. It told the story of a young woman named Mary Crane who was given the ultimate chance at the American Dream by stealing money from work and marrying the man of her dreams. It also told of her untimely demise at the hands of Norman Bates, quiet and shy hotel proprietor. The novel appealed to the public not only because of the suspense and horror of the story, but because the reader could easily identify with the characters. Mary-simply because everyone wants the American dream and will go to unreal lengths to achieve it at times. Norman-because everyone has had to live up to a parents expectations and fallen short at one time or another. In these characters, we find a sense of loneliness and desperation. Shortly after the release and immediate success of the novel, Psycho, the master of film horror decided to introduce the book to the big screen. Alfred Hitchcock made Psycho into an instant horror classic in 1960. With an adapted version of the novel, a screenplay by Joseph Stefano, some characters names were changed and actors were hired, but the story remained the same. Almost forty years later, following the release of Hitchcocks Psycho, director Gus Van Sant brought the picture back to the screen. The big difference was that he added color and modernized the picture. Van Sants goal was to remain true to the original picture, but took advantage of what the 90s culture had to offer. The base story of Psycho remains basically the same in the novel and film versions. A young woman disappears with money from her office to be used to create a better life for her boyfriend and herself. Along the way to meet her love, she stops at a roadside motel and meets the young owner Norman. After some deep conversation, she goes to her room and is murdered by Norman. It then becomes the quest of her younger sister to find her. Her sister, Lila, along with her boyfriend Sam, and an ill-fated private detective, they work to find the terrible secret of Norman Bates and the fate of Mary/Marion. The differences in the movies and the novel are subtle at times and at others, vast. Each director of the film chose to take different angles at some aspects of the story. Hitchcock was working within the confines of the late 50s and early 60s. One major change that was made in the movie was the physical appearance of the character, Norman. In the novel, Norman Bates is middle-aged man with a plump facerimless glassesscalp beneath thinning sandy hair. (Bloch 10.) In the first screen adaptation, Norman became somewhat attractive. He looked like the boy next door. Anthony Perkins played the part that just by looking at Norman you felt sympathetic for him. He looked like a normal trustworthy person (Hitchcock, 1960.) Hitchcock was also creating a movie in a time where explicit sexuality and nudity were taboo. The now famous shower scene, where Marion is murdered, took seven days and over 700 camera angles to shoot. Hitchcock wanted to make sure that there were no actual slashing shots shown or any nudity (Hitchcock/Psycho Trailer.) That would be left up to the viewer to use their imagination. Hitchcock chose the design of the house, which stands behind the Bates Motel. He believed that it cast a sinister feel on the whole area. In comparison, the 1998 version of the story was subject to more leniency. Director Van Sant chose to add nudity and visible stab wounds to the shower scene (Van Sant 98.) In the novel, Bloch is very descriptive about how Mary undresses and looks at her nude self in the mirror. The shower scene itself is very quick lived. Mary hears the scream

There is no point in having a doctrine of administrative Essay

There is no point in having a doctrine of administrative unreasonableness. Discuss - Essay Example It might be further added that an administrative decision would be deemed as unreasonable if it is so unreasonable that no reasonable authority could have ever reached it.1 This sounds very pompous but in effect is nothing but a tautology that would make a lawyer feel proud of their linguistic expertise without clarifying one little bit the issue at hand. To begin with one must differentiate between unreasonableness and other grounds for review of an administrative decision. The other grounds for a review of an administrative decision are ‘irrelevant considerations’ and ‘improper purposes’. These two grounds are mainly concerned with administrative process and evaluate whether the administrative authority made specific mistakes in the course of the administrative process by considering irrelevant issues or by directing its attention to an improper purpose. But the review conducted on grounds of ‘unreasonableness’ does not examine the administrat ive process; it is more concerned with the end result. This means the court need not enquire whether any specific ‘mistake’ has occurred, instead it would deliberate on the reasonableness of the administrative decision. ... However, this doctrine is so intrinsically vague as it leaves the final decision of unreasonableness to the sensibilities of the judges without any support of undeniable evidence that courts are usually very cautious in employing this ground of review and will only in rarest of rare occasions strike down an administrative decision as unreasonable. Therefore, though the doctrine of unreasonableness is a very potent weapon in the hands of judiciary to correct the wrongs done by the administrative arm of the government, its rare use perhaps blunts a good deal of its potentiality. The issue should be examined from another perspective to get a better idea about its effectiveness in a civil society. Let us assume that a decision will never be unreasonable unless some mistake has occurred in the administrative process. If that be so, unreasonableness is not a defect by itself but a symptom of another defect. Such an apprehension may lead the court to issue an order of nisi (as it is done in Israel) or grant leave for a judicial review (as it is done in England). Subsequently, as the review progresses, it may be unearthed that the decision is flawed with irrelevant considerations or improper purposes. If that be the case, the administrative decision can be overturned on those grounds and not on grounds of unreasonableness. It might also be that the review would lead to the conclusion that the administrative decision is based on relevant considerations and proper purposes and therefore cannot be flawed on these grounds but it might come to light that the authority had given unnecessary importance and undue weight to an otherwise relevant consideration. It could, for instance, be that the authority has converted a marginally relevant

Project time managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Project time managment - Essay Example This paper explores the importance of developing a time-phase baseline for project planning, management, and performance evaluation. For a project’s successful implementation and effective monitoring, cost- and time-phased baselines are some of the key approaches often used. Specifically, since most projects have definite periods for completion, a time-phased baseline for project planning and implementation is highly recommended3. Without such a baseline, there would be nothing to measure project progress against, during or after its implementation. Time-phased baseline helps in comparing the projected time value of against the delivered time value. That is, has a project really been completed and used within the anticipated time or has the estimated quantity of project been delivered in the planned time4? A time-phased baseline for project planning and evaluation thus assists in answering the question of whether a project has been started and finished at the expected time5. By being in a position to measure the budgeting of time in a project, stakeholders are better placed to detect and address problems s uch as delays and stoppages for improvements. A time-phased baseline thus helps project stakeholders to evaluate how well a project runs and to measure the accuracy in time estimations6. Additionally, once the accuracy of time estimation has been established, time-phased baseline for project evaluation can be used for similar projects or modified for other related projects. Time-phased baseline thus helps one to assess his/her ability to estimate project cost, labor, time, and overall performance. Importantly, time-phased baseline helps in establishing whether enough time has bee allocated for the different project phases7. That is, any over- and under-estimations of time are dealt with once detected. Finally, time-phased baseline is useful in allocating

Christian Perspective on Counseling Essay Example for Free

Christian Perspective on Counseling Essay This is a personal theory paper which focuses on the Christian perspective; it involves the integration of faith and scripture into the personal counseling process. It discusses personality structures, individual differences and the motivations that guide and push the human person. Included is a contextual definition of health and the factors that cause illness. They are understood by using psychological techniques in concurrence with Biblical truths. Employing a theological worldview for counseling helps a therapist’s awareness of the innermost complexities of a client and enables them to be an effective guide towards the path of hope and healing. Introduction Counseling is centrally and critically a relationship between people who care (Crabb, 1977). It is essential that a psychotherapist develop a genuine desire for the well-being of a client. This is an ideal arrangement for which a Christian counselor can flourish, because â€Å"Every Christian is called to a ministry of encouraging and helping others (Crabb, 1977)†. Although an atmosphere of caring and encouragement is not limited to Christians it is ideal to integrate psychology and Christian spirituality to most effectively aid clients. Personality Personality structure and components There are many theories involving the structure of the human personality. One is the theory presented by Dr. Ron E. Hawkins (2006a). In this theory, Dr. Hawkins likens each individual to many concentric circles. Every circle is affected by the other circles but every one has its own distinctive characteristics. This structure can best elucidate the complexities that exist inside an individual. The boundaries between circles can help determine the source of each dilemma and each circle provides a different approach to problem-solving. The first circle is the innermost circle of a person and encapsulates the very essence of being human. It is in this most personal circle that the Holy Spirit inhabits within each believer, as supported by the biblical quote â€Å"The kingdom of God is within you† (Luke 17:21). Also included in this circle are the options of free-will and the concept of original sin. The original sin is common to all human beings as maintained by Paul when he writes his letter to the Romans and utters, â€Å"for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God† (Romans 3:23). It must be noted that outside of issues involving deliverance, there is not much that can be dealt with in this circle by human intervention. Instead, if a problem really reverberates from this circle it must be surrendered in strong faith to the hands of God. The next circle encloses the soul, feeling, and cognitive aspects of the human being. For most clients looking for counseling, this is the circle that receives the most focus. It is in this circle that emotional and psychological troubles not originating from biological sources resonate. The next circle in this theory of personality makeup is the biological circle. This circle consists of the biological processes and focuses on the wellness of the physical human body. Problems in this circle include chemical imbalance which is the failure to normalize the chemicals in the brain, resulting in problems like obsession, anxiety, panic attacks, paranoia, and insomnia. Problems in this circle are more likely to have physical sources, like physical trauma or abuse. The next circle is another prevailing source of problems dealt with in counseling. The temporal circle, it is the beginning of external focused aspects. In this circle, external environmental structures like society and culture have a significant influence on the individual. Societal values and cultural expectations will always have an impact on personality development. Society, friends, family, and church are examples of the temporal systems that must be dealt with when counseling people. Learning who the client is responsible to and what he is responsible for is essential to developing personal responsibility (Cloud Townsend, 1992). Additionally, the influences of the client’s family system are dealt with in this circle. The Bible supports this, â€Å"fathers, do not exasperate your children; instead bring them up in the training and instruction of the Lord† (Ephesians 6:4). Many problems can be rooted from the effects of family and environment The final circle of the human personality structure is the circle of the supernatural. This includes the archetypal epic struggle between good and evil, demons and angels. Despite this concept it is important to keep in mind that â€Å"our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the powers of this dark world and against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly realms† (Ephesians 6:12). The Bible states that demonic power is a real and it would be imprudent to disregard its potential. Spiritual forces have a great impact on personality development and it cannot be excluded from the growth process Motivation There are five basic propositions about motivation: [1] human beings are all motivated to seek our needs, [2] motivational energy is channeled through the mind and results in specific behavior, [3] motivated behavior is always directed towards a goal, [4] when a goal is perceived to be impossible a state of disequilibrium exists, and finally, [5] all behavior is motivated and all behavior makes sense (Crabb, 1986). Motivation is a drive toward security and significance, with these thoughts in mind, Dr. Crabb details that the definitive goal of counseling is to â€Å"free people to better worship and serve God by helping them become more like the Lord† (1977). Individual differences In counseling, the level of maturity of each client must be assessed. Individuals are in the process of ‘moving over’ and ‘moving up’, clients differ in as to where they are in the process of dealing with presenting problems in a manner consistent with scripture and developing a Christ-like character (Crabb, 1977). Perhaps the most important reason that accounts for individual differences is that God provided free will to His creation. This free will makes each person unique and not merely a puppet with predetermined actions. Alteration of procedure used in counseling is necessary when dealing with different types of people. Some clients should be approached in a feeling level while others should be led spiritually. Cognitive based personalities are best dealt with on the thinking level and those suffering from physical disabilities are helped first with their tangible needs (Hawkins, 2006). Health A contextual explanation of health All counselors should want their clients to become healthy. According to McMinn (1996), the three factors that determine health are: accurate awareness of self, accurate awareness of needs and involvement in healthy relationships. Basing self-worth on the word of God is an effective strategy; to be able to create a self-image based on the unconditional love of Christ is a helpful direction for people who are injured in the different psychological aspects of their lives. McGee (1992) states, â€Å"changing our beliefs from false beliefs to the truths of God’s Word will assist us in experiencing more appropriate emotions and thereby will change the way we respond†. Helping clients to become more Christ-like in seeking self-worth and happiness is the goal of Christian counseling. A contextual explanation of illness The sources of illness are biological, cognitive, emotional and spiritual. Biological are often the easiest to identify they have physical signs that can be studied. Biological illnesses include physical sickness, chemical imbalances, and traumatic abuse. Typically, biological problems can be treated with medications or removal of the source of problem. For instance, physical trauma caused by an abusive husband involves treatment wherein the first step is to remove the victim from the abusive relationship. The cognitive aspect is the area of focus for most counseling therapies. Many problems that counselors must contend with relate to cognitive disorders, including depression, anxiety, guilt, and fear. The illnesses with a cognitive source are of critical concern as they are often more difficult to treat than biological illnesses. Emotional causes must also be considered. Sandra Wilson’s (2001) mantra of Hurt People Hurt People explains how emotional damage begets more emotional damage. Out of wounded emotions, people repeat the same torture to those they are closest to. Finally, illnesses can also be of a spiritual character. In order to be successful and productive counselors â€Å"we have to learn to distinguish between organic or psychological mental illness and a spiritual battle for the mind,† (Anderson, 2000). Spiritual illnesses stem from sin, a lack of faith, and destructive influences. Anderson (2000) advises, â€Å"Don’t think Satan is no longer interested in manipulating your mind in order to accomplish his purposes. Satan’s perpetual aim is to infiltrate your thoughts with his thoughts and to promote his lie in the face of God’s truth. He knows that if he can control you thoughts, he can control your life† Therapeutic Involvement Techniques, methods The Bible provides excellent guidance in various aspects of life; it is an excellent source for every Christian counselor. Accordingly, â€Å"all Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness† (2 Timothy 3:16-17). In a helping relationship, techniques are used to help the client reach the point of change. One approach that Christian counselors should not be without is prayer. Craigie and Tan (as cited in McMinn, 1996) write, â€Å"Indeed, praying with clients that they may be liberated from resistant misbeliefs, that they may be empowered to do the truth, and that they may come into a deeper relationship with the truth can sometimes be a most powerful experience†. The use of scripture in therapy sessions is useful in integrating God’s Truths to a client’s mindset. The use of the technique miracle question is helpful; this is a method of questioning which begins by helping the client imagine a situation wherein, overnight, a miracle happens that solves all their familial problems. The client has to define what differences they would observe to prove that a miracle had taken place. This is vital in making the client realize how vastly improved their relationships will be when the problems are resolved and defines the goal they aim to achieve. The method of Scaling questions is another tool used to rate the client’s current state, with zero/one being the most ideal and ten being the worst, this facilitates the therapist in identifying factors that prevents them from moving up the scale and recognizes what pushes them down. This is helpful in shifting the client’s focus from problems to solutions. The goal of therapy is promoting a high level of self-worth; the therapist must introduce genuineness into the environment by omitting shame from the process. This can be supplemented with compliments and positive encouragement by vocalizing admirable traits; it is a helpful exercise that generates an atmosphere of goodwill more conducive to problem solving. Hawkins (2006b) identifies the first in counseling step as own having an understanding of the real problem. Then, he goes on to reality testing. From there, a plan of action is formulated and the client is occupied with taking tenure to this plan of action and accepting accountability for its conclusion. Lastly, the counselor helps in building support and responsibility into the process of transformation concerning the client. A good cognitive counseling approach is to focus on the inner-voice and truth. The inner-voice is often constructed as a direct result of the temporal and supernatural circles in which an individual develops. In destructive or less-than-ideal relationships, the individual can develop spiteful and untruthful concepts about themselves which are constantly conveyed by the inner-voice. An understanding of truthful reality, often combating the untrue inner-voice, is critical for change. As Dr. Backus and Dr. Chapian explain, â€Å"locating and identifying pain-causing fabrications plus learning the factual reality-based truth† is therapeutic and critical for healing (2000). Expectations in success Counselors can measure success of counseling by evaluating the client’s progress in the accurate awareness of self or needs and by determining if they are participating in healing relationships (McMinn, 1996). McMinn’s affirms that, â€Å"A more careful look suggests that spiritual and psychological health require a confident sense of self, an awareness of human need, and limitations, and confiding interpersonal relationships with God and others† (1996). Real success in psychotherapy is measured by advancement not perfection. Worldview Dimensions Every individual possesses a worldview whether or not they recognize it. For example, the temporal system an individual develops in will have significant impacts on the individual’s worldview. Someone who was raised in a war torn environment with rampant violence and lawlessness will have a different set of moral code than a person is raised in a secure and peaceable community. These worldviews affect the progress in counseling; worldviews differ from person to person and may include science, perception or the Bible. It is imperative for the Christian counselor to have a broad perception of what his/her worldview consists of. The Biblical worldview filters pertinent information through the sieve of God’s Word. Since all issues are not addressed in Scripture, to sift means to see if the issue lines up with God’s Word (Collins, 2001). Uniting psychology, spirituality, and theology encompasses all the components of human behavior necessary to assess functioning (McMinn, 1996). Conclusion The integration of spirituality and theological scriptures to counseling provides a panoramic view of how psychotherapy can progress. The Bible must be used as a reference in choosing ideologies, techniques or processes to integrate in a personal theory. The use of solutions-based therapy, also referred to as solution focused therapy or brief therapy, is a type of talking therapy that is based upon social constructionist philosophy. It includes miracle and scaling questions. It focuses on what clients want to achieve through therapy. The approach focuses on the present and hopes for future, because as Dr. Worthington explains, â€Å"hope provides the motivation to work† (1999). Cognitive therapy can be used most effectively in Christian counseling because the cognitive approach is imperative in changing the client’s self-awareness by challenging negative thoughts and untruths. Cognitive therapy helps unchain the client from unrealistic expectations by perceiving and revising the pointless difficulties they place on themselves. Understanding the components of human personality through the theory of concentric circles is important in developing a complete strategy for helping individuals change. Recognition of an integrated model that considers the scripture of Christian teachings is a potent tool in wrestling against the dysfunction residing in a client’s life. Resources Anderson, N. (2000). The bondage breaker. Eugene, OR: Harvest House Publishers. Backus, William and Chapian, Marie. (2000). Telling yourself the truth. Bloomington, MN: Bethany House Publishers Cloud, H. Townsend, J. (1992). Boundaries: When to say yes when to say no to take control of your life. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan. Collins, G. (2001). The Biblical basis of Christian counseling for people helpers. Colorado Springs, CO: NavPress Publishing Group. Crabb, Larry. (1977). Effective biblical counseling: A model for helping caring Christians become capable counselors. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan. Hawkins, Ron E. (Speaker). (2006). Model for guiding the counseling process. Lynchburg, VA: Liberty University. Hawkins, R. E. (Producer). (2006b). Grid for tracking process [Motion picture]. (Available from Liberty university, 1971 University Boulevard, Lynchburg, VA 24502) Worthington, Everett L. (1999). Hope-focussed marriage counseling. Downer’s Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press Greece. McGee, R. (1992). Search for significance: Build your self worth on the forgiveness and unconditional love of Jesus Christ. Nashville, TN: LifeWay Press. McMinn, M. (1996). Psychology, theology and spirituality in Christian counseling. Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House Publishers, Inc. Wilson, S. (2001). Hurt people hurt people: Hope and healing for yourself and your relationships. Grand Rapids, MI: Discovery House Publishers.